How does the cell convert DNA into working proteins? The process of translation can be seen as the decoding of instructions for making proteins, involving mRNA in transcription as well as tRNA. But ...

The answer lies in differential gene expression – the combination of genes that are turned on (expressed) or turned off (repressed) in particular cells – this is what makes each cell unique. Gene ...

Transcription and translation are processes a cell uses to make all proteins the body needs to function from information stored in the sequence of bases in DNA. The four bases (C, A, T/U, and G in the ...

tRNA is an important component of the biological synthesis of new proteins, as it carries a specific amino acid that will be incorporated to the protein through the ribosome machinery, as directed by ...

In cap-dependent translation initiation, the open reading frame (ORF) of mRNA is established by the placement of the AUG start codon and initiator tRNA in the ribosomal peptidyl (P) site. Internal ...

遺伝子を基にタンパク質を合成する過程において、アミノ酸を運ぶ転移RNA（tRNA）。その機能を調節する「RNAの可逆的なリン酸化」という新たな種類の修飾が、鈴木 勉・東京大学教授が率いる研究グループにより発見された。tRNAがリン酸化修飾されると ...

In a new study, published in Cell, researchers describe a newfound mechanism for creating proteins in a giant DNA virus, comparable to a mechanism in eukaryotic cells. The finding challenges the dogma ...

Early in the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, it was clear that quick and accurate diagnostic techniques were required to deal with emerging infections and offset the negative impacts of ...